Legalization of Drugs Argument Essay -- Drug Prohibition Regulation Le

Authorization of Drugs Argument Man, as an animal, is characteristically exhausted. Since the beginning of time, it has been the regular intuition of man to discover elective techniques to improve his being. The numerous methods by which man has gone to incorporate sex, betting, and the utilization of substances past the necessities of nourishment. The utilization of substances can be additionally separated into lawful and illicit substances. The question at that point becomes, who are we to put marks on specific substances by considering them legitimate and forbid others by making punishments for their utilization? The issue of forbiddance is unquestionably not another one to our country. In 1919, the eighteenth Amendment disallowed the assembling, deal or transportation of alcoholic refreshments. Out of nowhere genuine, mindful Americans who simply needed a beverage, were transformed into crooks. Good bars turned out to be underground bars, and real alcohol makers were supplanted by criminal smugglers. Gang fighting, pay off, and crime arrived at an untouched high. Principles on unlawful liquor were a lot of lower than those on the beforehand legitimate liquor which prompted the blinding or demise of numerous shoppers. At last in 1933, government officials clasped and revoked the eighteenth Amendment. The Prohibition endeavor of the early twentieth century offers the ideal recorded help for the decriminalization of medications. Restriction will work extraordinary injury to the reason for moderation. It is an animal groups of excessiveness inside itself, for it goes past the limits of reason in that it endeavors to control a man's craving by enactment, and makes a wrongdoing out of things that are not wrongdoings. A Prohibition law strikes a blow at the very standards whereupon our legislature was established. The ascent in fierce wrongdoing throughout the years has been a worry to most. A significant reason for this expansion in wrongdoing is the illicit dealing of medications. As rough wrongdoing keeps on expanding, we can't commit our budgetary assets and time into forestalling and arraigning the individuals who perpetrate wrongdoings, for example, murder, assault, and attack. The explanation we can't commit these assets where they are required is on the grounds that we are absurdly spending them on a fight that we can't win-the War on Drugs. Before Ronald Reagan's War on Drugs, America's crime percentage had been declining. Since the presentation of the new wave sedate... ...cal use. Examination would likewise be energized as researchers could scan for new and down to earth employments of medications. There are numerous great employments of drugs that have not yet been distinguished or culminated and with extended exploration, we could find these additional opportunities. Obviously, a few limitations would need to be set. Likely, an age limitation would need to be received. Limiting the utilization of medications to grown-ups just, and instructing the young people of the potential threats should help check juvenile maltreatment. Precluding acts, for example, driving a vehicle affected by a brain adjusting substance would similarly be fundamental. Another need would be the decimation of every one of those with earlier criminal records because of the capture or conviction on tranquilize related charges. Obviously, the privilege of the non-smoker would must be fundamental. In an open office, non-smoking territories would need to be set up. An arrangement of medication guideline that would incorporate the above arrangements, open wellbeing and horticultural guidelines, and a type of tax collection would debilitate misuse, ensure general wellbeing and security, lessen wrongdoing, and raise income. Guideline is the inescapable substitution of denial.

Directing Mind and Piercing Veil for Law-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theDirecting Mind and Piercing Veil for Law. Answer: Presentation: The current case depends on the two expressions of organization law that are the coordinating brain and will and puncturing corporate cloak. Both the terms are significant with respect to the organization related issues and it is critical to discover the genuine translation of the terms. It has been seen that there is an attitude develops among the organization chiefs to discover any reason to safe their enthusiasm by concealing themselves behind the shadow of the organization and accordingly, there is a confounded circumstance emerged. These terms made an activity to determine the issue by method of a barrier for an organization with respect to all cases. Conversation: Coordinating Mind and Will: An examination with respect to the coordinating psyche and will uncovers that the people who are sitting at the highest point of the organization including the top managerial staff. It is a well guideline of law that an organization is a different legitimate substance that is demonstrated on account of Salomon v. Salomon. Along these lines, an organization ought not be held subject for the demonstrations of any of its worker. In any case, this is additionally evident that the organization can't play out its work without anyone else or without the assistance of the others. The case identified with coordinating psyche and will was created in the year 1944 on account of DPP v Kent and Sussex Contractors Ltd, where the court was satisfied to see that the organization can be held at risk for any illicit go about as the brain of the organization is controlled by the chiefs who have the information in regards to its result (Lipsitt 2013). It was held in Lennards Carrying Co. Ltd v Asiatic Petroleum Co. Ltd, it was held that the Board of Directors of the organization are the people who are including in the activity identifying with the coordinating psyche and will (De Wet 2017). There are sure acts that are not composed under the constitution of the organization however are connected fundamentally to the working of the organization. These activities are managed by the top managerial staff and if there is any penetrate happened with respect to the equivalent, the organization will be held subject under the adaptation of coordinating psyche and will as held in Tesco Supermarket v Nattrass (1971) UKHL 1. Penetrating the Corporate Veil: It is a notable rule of law that an organization is a different lawful element and in this manner, for any sort of risk, the organization can't be held at risk. It normalize the rights and liabilities of a company. If there should arise an occurrence of the precedent-based law nation, there is inclining attitude with respect to the corporate cloak watched. In any case, in specific conditions, these standards are punctured (Yadav 2017). Assume an organization was held obligated for certain misrepresentation cases. At the point when the influenced party sue the organization all in all, they will held the organization at risk for the equivalent. The organization can't play out their activity alone and the executives and different investors of the organization directing the organization. At the point when the organization is getting enrolled, a cover with respect to the different obligation sprung up. At the point when certain charge made against the organization, it will be the obligation of the court to break down the issue and supplant the primary guilty party of the case by lifting the corporate cover (Flint 2016). In Gilford Motor Co. Ltd v Horne, it has been seen that the corporate cloak of the company can be elevated where it is required with respect to the fitting cases. End: Along these lines, from the case, it has been held that the standard with respect to the different substance of the organization can be maintained in certain circumstance. The fundamental target of this report is to discover the grounds where the chief of the organization will be held at risk for any illicit demonstrations. Reference: De Wet, M., 2017. Directing'The Absolute': towards destabilizing the person in question/culprit parallel in Sam Shepard's A lie of the brain (1985) (Doctoral paper, University of Pretoria). Rock, D., 2016. Motivations, Employers, and the Corporate Veil: Should Domestic Corporations Be More Accountable for the Actions of Their Overseas Subsidiaries?. Ariz. St. LJ, 48, p.833. Lipsitt, L.P., 2013. impression of outside items, regardless of whether pleasing or hostile; yet the brain, had of a self-coordinating force, may direct its concentration toward whatever it thinks legitimate. It should, accordingly, be utilized in the most helpful interests, not scarcely in thought however in such examination as may. Early Influences Shaping The Individual, 161, p.207. Yadav, P.K., 2017. Lifting of Corporate Veil.

The ongoing National Policy Debate through the lens of the American Enlightenment

The progressing National Policy Debate through the perspective of the American Enlightenment A Summary of the Policy Reform Policy change banter in the United States spins around monetary issues that the nation is encountering. By and by, the United States has a huge open obligation. Accordingly, the United States can't meet its commitments towards its kin and laborers. A few states, for example, Illinois and California are practically bankrupt. Similarly, most nearby governments have failed, while paces of joblessness in the states remain moderately high.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on The progressing National Policy Debate through the viewpoint of the American Enlightenment explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The journey to deliver these issues appears to have raised heaps of conflict among individuals from the two sides of government. The Republicans and Democrats contend plainly with respect to the most ideal approach to deal with the economy of the United States. Be that as it may, there exists some understanding between key market analysts from the two sides, on key issues that influence the country. In my viewpoint, the progressing national discussion isn't authentic, as it gets manufacture to serve the interests of a couple of people. At the end of the day, this discussion is political and it doesn't try to serve the interests of basic residents. This paper presents a conversation about issues encompassing strategy change utilizing the instruments of the establishing discussions, standards, and records of the United States. Relative Analysis Social Contract: Representative Governance Social agreement hypothesis contends that the legislature has two key duties. To begin with, it is the job of the legislature to guarantee that residents don't hurt one another and second, the administration must guarantee that residents keep guarantees among themselves. As indicated by this hypothesis, residents must be prepared to give up some extent of their freedom in order to keep up a steady, social setting. Th is hypothesis additionally perceives the job of the constitution and the need to endorse the constitution as a piece of the implicit understanding. Moreover, the hypothesis advocates for free enterprise. Glancing back at the progressing national strategy banter in the United States, it appears as though the Republicans don't completely perceive the administration by the Democrats. The Republicans should give up some extent of their freedom and permit the Democrats to create arrangement changes that best suits the nation.Advertising Looking for research project on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Classical Liberalism: Natural Rights Classical progressivism perceives that all individuals have a qualification to regular rights (Rosenblum and Robert 27). These rights acquire a statement in America’s autonomous proviso. Traditional leftists keep up that characteristic rights ought to decide the right size and elem ents of government. The logicians concur that legislature frequently damages common privileges of residents. They additionally contend that private enterprise is the main good monetary framework, since it bases on willful activity. One part of private enterprise is property rights. America has property rights that get dug in so well that their essential hugeness for the appropriate working of the industrialist framework turns out to be effectively dismissed. Thus, strategy change ought to be coordinated towards achieving and shielding property rights. Group: Pluralism in an administration alludes to incorporation of opponent gatherings in the legislature. Groups may demolish brilliant administration since they overlook the requirement for the open prosperity in a debate including rival gatherings and trigger precariousness. Moreover, the most predominant group succeeds at all occasions regardless of rights or reasonableness. The best way to kill negative effects of groups is to deny freedom. This point of view portrays the specific circumstance that the United States is encountering. The greater part of the quarrelsome issues that have caused the drawn out discussion begin from the Republicans. Taking into account that the Republicans possess a key segment of government officials, they may pick to restrict each arrangement that begins from the Democrats. Aspiration: Elitism This point of view expects pioneers to be elites who can surrender to the requirements of the majority. Additionally, this point of view expects pioneers to be compliant. The Democrats included appear to be more educated than the Republicans with regards to the progressing open discussion on national arrangement. Also, these Democrats are very certain and aspiring with regards to approach plan. Federalist Position Federalists bolster the constitution and don't think about the bill of rights as a basic instrument for making an incorrupt government. Federalists’ supposition is that mon etary components have set off the discussion, however not the inadequacy of the constitution. Hostile to Federalist Position Anti federalists hold the point of view that the constitution can't offer sufficient insurance like the Bill of Rights. Enemies of federalists supposition is that the United States, together with its nearby governments, can't meet their commitments towards their kin and laborers because of absence of a lacking bills of rights system.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The continuous National Policy Debate through the viewpoint of the American Enlightenment explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Constitutional Perspective The constitution specifies duties and privileges of the two administrators and normal residents. While constitutions may not be flawless, composed constitutions fill in as the most brilliant method for protecting various individuals and their inclinations. Consequently, interests of Republicans acquire i nsurance by the constitution. The United States Constitution perceives majority rule government and the privilege of articulation. Consequently, the open approach banter is inside the constraints of the constitution. Bill of Rights Perspective The bill of rights secures common freedoms conceded to every occupant of the United States, as found in the Fourteenth Amendment. Among these rights is the ability to speak freely. Thus, the two gatherings reserve an option to communicate their conclusions through open discussion. This device qualifies governments for meet their commitments towards residents. Thus, the United States and element neighborhood governments have denied these rights to their kin by not giving satisfactory work. Arrangements: the Principle of Compromise and Consensus Federalism viewpoint The establishing records of the United States contain interests of residents. The archives involve the constitution, the affirmation of freedom, the bill of rights and corrections to the constitution (Jefferson 29). Government officials who try to serve their individual advantages ought not be permitted to bargain any of the principles built up in these archives, since they speak to the American establishment. States Perspective The United States’ viewpoint on agreement and bargain is that Republicans should bolster broad organization and raised duties. In any case, the legislature doesn't offer any instances of Democrats backing deregulation or decrease of assessments. As indicated by the present government, the national intrigue is absolutely and entirely the development of the degree, size and authority of government. The United States should, be that as it may, try to give the necessities of its residents. A large portion of these requirements as distinguished by the discussion incorporate absence of business and indebtedness. The open strategy discussion should look to address these issues, in order to guarantee that life is moderate and agreeable t o these residents. Helpful Federalism Perspective The open arrangement banter, in the United States, should grasp agreeable federalism point of view so as to take care of the financial issues confronting the whole state. It tends to be hard for delegates focused, in Washington, to distinguish the necessities of element states. Subsequently, element states can set up successful and pertinent arrangements through helpful federalism. Plus, settling issues locally would include a littler populace than taking care of these issues from Washington, as the quantity of those restricting noteworthy points of view would be less in these areas.Advertising Searching for research project on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More My Proposal and Perspective From my point of view, the two gatherings should just trade off their standards, on open strategy, after they finish up on the frailest understandings. This must happen in light of the fact that people who demonstrate readiness to give up their standards effectively can't be trusted to proceed with the deal. The reason for bargain should be a success win circumstance with the two gatherings arranging and not simply concurring. Alternately, accord can't be gotten in cases that include a couple of individuals with comparable personalities. At whatever point the impact of this open arrangement banter doesn't fulfill the two gatherings, such agreement ought not produce results as there will be inadequate with regards to enough duty towards the exertion. The discussion on open strategy has ended up being completely separated from agreement to a specific heading. Aggravated Republicans have constrained their individuals to acknowledge places that are in struggle with parts of current financial researchers. While this may serve the political needs of the Republicans, the approach isn't appropriate. The contrast between the circumstance of financial data and open arrangement banter in America has huge impacts. At present, numerous occupants in the United States are encountering troubles due to high joblessness. Numerous books in the nation contain potential arrangements. In any case, Congressional Republicans don't make space for such books to be analyzed. Or maybe, they additionally discourage those strategy designs that don't appear to have any discussions, from the point of view of most business analysts. Jefferson, Thomas. The Constitution, the Declarat

Contribution Of Psychology To Communication Studies - 1375 Words

Contribution Of Psychology To Communication Studies (Essay Sample) Content: Contribution of psychology to communication studiesStudents NameInstitution AffiliationIntroductionCommunication studies refer to an academic discipline that deals in the process of human communication. Communication may take several forms such as verbal communication, non verbal communication, written communication. The discipline focuses on several topics such as face to face communication and the use of television broadcasting. As a social science, communication studies overlaps with psychology because most communication aspects that are first laid out by the technical aspects are retained in the psychological perspective. Human beings receive and process information differently because of variations in their cognitive processes. These cognitive processes are also manipulated by the individual past experiences, which then shape their attitudes, beliefs and determine how people are influenced by the messages they receive. Psychology is mainly concerned with the stud y of behavior and the human mind. Psychological theorists posit that human beings choose their future responses based on their previous experiences (Myers, 2015). The relationship between communication studies and psychology cannot be downplayed because it goes beyond examining behaviorism and the impact of internal cognitive mechanism on the process of communication. In this essay, the relevance of psychology and its contribution to communication studies is reviewed.Psychology and communication studiesThe relationship between psychology and communication is mainly established in the three types of communication; face to face communication, communication through mass media and mediated interpersonal communication.Relevance of psychology in face to face communication studies:Face to face personal interactions entails the exchange of information between two or more people using both verbal and nonverbal cues. Psychology enables communication students to understand the processes that g overn such social interactions in order to provide meaning and structure to the social interaction. Several researchers have endeavored to explain the link between psychology and communication. For instance, the theory of interactional synchrony was put forward to explain the interrelatedness between a persons verbal cues and their non verbal cues. As people interact with one another, their verbal cues and non verbal cues match, which determines how the social interaction proceeds. In addition, Burgoos (1978), another psychologist, proposed the violations theory in communication that explained the change in communication patterns when one or more parties to the communication process violated the expectations of others in terms of how the communication process was supposed to proceed. For example, if a person touches a stranger, the stranger will react in a manner to show that his or her expectations have been violated. In summary, the field of psychology has produced psychological m odels and frameworks which have enabled researchers in communication and communication students to have detailed descriptions and to form specific predictions of the manner in which individuals exchange their verbal and no verbal cues.Relevance of psychology in mediated interpersonal interactions:Mediated interpersonal reactions involve small groups of people exchanging information in real time via different types of media such as telephones or video conferencing facilities. In these cases, the processes that take place from face to face interactions are taken a notch higher and influenced by the nature of these media. Computer-mediated communication is often lacking in some of the aspects such as verbal cues especially when people communicate via an online messaging platform. The lack of social cues in most forms of computer-mediated communication makes mediated interpersonal interactions to develop less personal relations compared to face to face interactions.The field of psycholo gy has determined ways in which computer-mediated communication mechanisms can be used to support relationship formation and personal interaction. According to the social processing theory, the more limited band width or sensory richness of computer-mediated communication compared to the face to face interactions is, the longer it takes for people to share and exchange information. Psychologists argue that computer-mediated interpersonal communications can be made more personal by creating a feedback loop, where information sent is replied to. The feedback loop leads positive impression management and reciprocity hence leading to more intense interactions. In summary, people use different types of media to conduct interpersonal relationships thereby combining both aspects of the face to face interactions and those that are only unique to the types of media or technology in use. The additive model of psychological processing is thus important in communication studies as a framework f or understanding mediated interpersonal interactions (Lo, 2008).Relevance of psychology in mass communication:Mass communication entails the use of mass media outlets such as newspapers, radio, television or print media to pass information to large audiences. The rapid advancement in technology has revolutionized mass communication as an individual is now able to send an email to a website which can then be transmitted to larger audiences. It has changed the peoples understanding of the communication process. Psychology enables researchers and communication students understand mass communication by combining the aspects of face to face communication with those of mediated interpersonal interactions. According to George Gerbners cultivation theory, people will change their perception of mediated personal interactions and how they interact face to face when they are overly exposed to mass media (Potter, 2014). This is because mass media changes their perception of the world. For insta nce, those who watch television for long hours and which are filled with scenes of violence are more likely to be afraid of going out at night. The cultivation theory combines the impact of psychological processes and the effects of mass media on communication. Mass media has a significant impact on interpersonal interactions (Harris and Sanborn, 2013). For instance, when people watch television, their perceptions of the people on the television screens will affect their interactions with actual people in real life situations. This implies that psychology is important in determining how and why people respond to stimuli, in the manner that they do. By understanding the impacts of mass media on individual communication, researchers are able to design ways to help them streamline their communication processes.Cross-cultural research and communication:The influence of culture on communication is undoubtedly clear. Individual cultures have major underpinnings on peoples identities, soci al interactions and response to stimuli. Communication studies should therefore take into consideration the cultural aspects of individuals and their impacts on communication behavior. The field of psychology plays a critical role in helping researchers in communication understand the effect of individual culture on the functioning of the human mind. Psychologists posit that culture is s...

Personal Writing My Personal Narrative - 1331 Words

When I was a little girl I loved to write, my father would give me silly little writing prompts and I would write short paragraphs of made up scenarios. My father really encouraged my writing at an early age, but as I grew a little bit older I realize that I struggled with it a lot. I can remember my very first personal journal. The stuff I would write was so underdeveloped, because I was so young but I didn’t care at the time. As I grew older, I became fond of roleplaying online on websites or in video games such as World of Warcraft. I continued to roleplay through high school at the same time trying to do the school work my teachers were giving me. My teachers knew I was struggling at the time and didn’t take much interest in helping†¦show more content†¦It was a great short story where the bad guys won for a change. It was something different than your average story. As I got older, I started to realize I wasn’t as good of a writer as I thought I was going to be. I got less interested in writing stories, and more interested in a whole different kind of writing. When I was about 14 years old, I discovered the art of roleplaying online. There was a website on the back of the first original twilight book, so I went to the website. It was basically a website made for you to be the characters of the book. You controlled what they did, and how they acted. On this website, I met one of my closest friends. We created many different stories and different scenarios. I believe that the long paragraph roleplays had to help my writing skills to some degree. I had to sit at a computer and creatively think about what I was going to make my characters do next. If you weren’t descriptive people wouldn’t continue to roleplay with you. After a while of doing it, you get an understanding of what the other people are looking for. The site I’m referring to eventually died down, and my friend and I had moved to different sites. A lthough, it wasn’t quite the same after the main site died, but it was fun during the time it lasted. After the website died, I started to get into playing more online video games. One was World of Warcraft on the server Velen. That’s where I started and really learned to play theShow MoreRelatedPersonal Writing : My Personal Narrative1036 Words   |  5 Pageswould take the prompt into careful consideration and write my thoughts in the neatest penmanship my little hands could muster. But my favorite part was the next day when we were able to see how our teacher liked our stories. Mine journal would always be filled with words of praise and tiny smiley faces she had drawn in the margins. This left me feeling unstoppable. I had finally found something at school that I was good at. Writing soon became my happy place. Even at such a young age, I would write whenRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Writing Classroom970 Words   |  4 PagesMy Writing Classroom As technology evolves, the traditional style writing classrooms should do so as well. Students are used to the typical routine, in which an instructor lecture and hands out assignments. However, is that really the most effective way of teaching for all students? Teachers neglect the fact that not all students learn the same way. In learning this, I propose some changes that could be made in order to increase learning effectively such as; the choice of physical work verses onlineRead MoreEssay on Personal Narrative- My Love of Reading and Writing1404 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Narrative- My Love of Reading and Writing Reading and writing has always played a vital part in my life. From toddler to adult, pre-elementary to college, I’ve managed to sharpen both skills to my liking. However, even though it significantly helped, schooling was not what influenced me to continue developing those skills into talent. Many different things shaped and influenced my learning, and now reading and writing have become the safety net of my life. I know thatRead MorePersonal Narrative - Original Writing - My Mind Was Interrupted By Soft Words1250 Words   |  5 Pagesto sneak in to my own house, he whispered loudly. I shushed him, squeaking the front door closed. This was the tricky part, stealthily getting past the rest of the family to the guest bedroom. Ross s bare feet fumbled carelessly as if he not learned to walk quietly, and instead relied on the hushed muffle of my steps. I imagined I was in the FBI, Ross being my loud side kick. My brain tuned out sounds around me as I played my own spy theme music. Ba na na na na na duh nuhh. My mind was interruptedRead MoreImportance Of Personal Writing915 Words   |  4 PagesFrom an early age, I’ve had trouble with writing effectively. I had absolutely no interest in learning to write, which was mostly because of how difficult it was to me. Often, I found it boring. As I got older, I found interest in music and poetry, sparking my interest to learn to write like musicians and poets. Up until that point, I had always been writing papers for school, often to write research papers or to write forced narratives. I never wrote anything for myself until about junior year inRead MoreWhat Should I Write About Your Personal Narrative Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesbecomes necessary to type personal narratives, without so much as a hint of a topic, it can drive a student to some rather interesting conclusions. Some of these conclusions may be as simple as â€Å"Hmm, what should I write about?† Or perhaps more complicated and â€Å"Great, it’s 2:00 A.M. the day the paper is due and I have nothing typed.† No matter the situation the creative thinking process can be greatly limited, thus I present to you the narrative of me typing my personal narrative essay. It began ratherRead MorePersonal Narrative For The Nebraska State Writing Test761 Words   |  4 PagesI teach fourth grade language arts where my main focus is to prepare my students to write a personal narrative for the Nebraska State Writing Test in January. Reading and writing are intertwined in my area of professional responsibility as I motivate my students to write a well-organized, creative personal narrative. As I have taught writing, I have found reading, writing, speaking, and listening go hand in hand when composing a personal narrative (Bruning, 2011, p. 299). First of all, readingRead MoreHow Writing Is An Amalgamation Of Different Conventions Stuck Together1578 Words   |  7 Pages Writing is an amalgamation of different conventions stuck together in an organized manner in order to convey a point. All papers that are written must have clear theses, a clear, consistent organization, proper tone and style, as well as supporting details and evidence. In addition to overarching ideas like these, papers must include small scale conventions such as conciseness in sentences and ideas, strong topic sentences that relate to the thesis, coherence and readability, and proper wordingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Carte Blanche Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition a personal account of the events that happened in a person’s life. How the writer records these events are subjective? giving the author ‘carte blanche’ to enhance reality, interweave creativity and imagination to produce a more interesting, readable and compel ling story. These are all elements I considered when drafting ‘Time to let go.’ This narrative is not a direct recollection of my personal experience. But, interprets a devastating chain of events that happened to my son’s friendRead MorePersonal Writing : Personal Reflection740 Words   |  3 Pagesone of my favorite films, and a revision of the truth essay. In addition to my essays, I learned a lot from the peer reviews that the professor implemented as well. In writing the the first two essays, I found many improvements in my writing styles as a student. In the truth essay and its revision, I learned about the important of evidence and examples. This helped improve my writing style and essay because it provided information in areas that I was lacking. I felt as though my narrative improved

The Compromise Of The Civil War - 913 Words

As a raging crisis was emerging, moderates and unionists were attempting to create a great compromise that would settle such issues. On January 29, 1850, Henry Clay has written a compromise and presented it to the Senate. The document consisted of admitting California as a free-state, the formation of territorial governments, and the abolition of slavery. Instead of a peaceful settlement, the resolutions launched a raging debate for seven months. As time went by, there has been numerous of events and court cases that led to the Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 was just the beginning of a series of debates in regards to slavery. After six months of fervent disputing, a new assembly of leaders began to take control of the debate from the old â€Å"triumvirate† of Webster, Clay, and Calhoun. The new leaders would to produce a compromise, unlike the older leaders. However, the only problem of the compromise was the absence of the most powerful obstacle: the president. As Zachary Taylor died from a violent stomach disorder on July 9, 1850, he was replaced by Millard Fillmore of New York, whom seemed as a dull and honorable man who understood the political significance of tractability. Fillmore then persuaded the northern Whigs into line. Another leader, Stephen A. Douglas, a Democratic senator from Illinois, proposed the bill that Clay has composed and envisioned a new, comprehensive resolution to the sectional crisis and presented a series of distinct measures to be voted on one byShow MoreRelatedThe Compromise Of The Civil War972 Words   |  4 PagesWithout Compromise The issue with compromise is that it must give each party the sense they have won something or at least not suffer a total loss. Why then, did the Compromises of 1820 and 1850 not prevent the Civil War? Because neither set of laws directly addressed the right to own slaves. A country cannot have two sets of laws for two different regions. As we have seen with segregation and gay rights, deferring to states’ laws only works to delay addressing the issue at hand. While no one canRead MoreThe Compromise Of 1850 During The Civil War925 Words   |  4 PagesThe Compromise of 1850 played an enormous event in the history of the United States. This compromise disabled an on-going political conflict between free and slave states. This conflict began during the Mexican-American war of 1846 and it regarded the amount of territories obtained. The Compromise of 1850 delayed the Civil War by establishing the Fugitive Slave Act, separating Texas Territory, banning slave trade in D.C., admit ting California as a free state, and also by installing popular sovereigntyRead MoreHow Compromises Failed to Prevent the Civil War1726 Words   |  7 Pagesnumerous compromises were proposed to ease the conflict. Such compromises included the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Crittenden Compromise. These compromises had intentions of defining where slavery was permitted and clarifying states’ rights. They were only temporary fixes to a more pressing issue. Between the Missouri Compromise and the Crittenden Compromise, a series of events changed the political atmosphere of the United States and prevented any more compromises on the institutionRead MoreThe Missouri Compromise And Events Leading Up Of The Civil War Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe Missouri Compromise and events leading up to the Civil War were based mainly on slavery and the two conflicting viewpoints of the American people. The compromises involving slavery were only short-term solutions for a very long-term problem. The Civil War changed the foundation of America forever. The war was inevitable, and thus, the contrasting views between the North and the South were bound to break out into warfare at some point. In February of 1819, Missouri applied for statehood in theRead MoreCompromise in the Pre-Civil War Era APUSH DBQ2135 Words   |  9 Pagesdeclaring its independence from Britain, America has developed on the foundation of compromise. Upon the drafting of the Constitution, the Founding Fathers were succumbed to compromise in order to incorporate the needs of the different parts of the nation. During the early eighteenth century, Americans achieved reconciliation of political disputes, predominately between the North and the South, through compromise. By 1860 this was no longer feasible and the nation was faced with disheartening threatsRead MoreBreak down of compromise between 1820 and 1860 leading to the civil war1471 Words   |  6 PagesHistory December 3, 2013 Analysis of the Compromise Breakdown from 1820 to 1860 Time periods of American history are analyzed closely to the extent that it is essential to understand the motives and basis for future events and to recognize social patterns. Among events that have affected the United States, immigrations, wars and political dispute are three of the chief categories that most directly affect the state of the nation as well as each other. The war class has been easily liked to both politicalRead MoreWhy the compromises from 1846~1861 failed to prevent the Civil War1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe compromises from 1846 to 1861 were, by their intentions, to postpone the struggle between the north and the south temporarily but not to solve it. The foundational problems, like the the slavery itself, the differences in social structure and economic system and the expansion of slavery, were left. The increasing struggle between the abolitionists and slave owners and between the newly formed Republican Party and the Democratic Party kept putting those ques tions in front of the US people. TheRead MoreEssay about An Inside Look at the American Civil War999 Words   |  4 PagesA civil war is a war between citizens of the same country. From 1861 to 1865, America was fighting its own civil war. The American Civil War began when several Southern slave states declared their secession. When they seceded, they formed the Confederate States of America which was also known as the confederacy. The states remaining were known as the Union. Before the Civil War, slaves were treated unfairly, like property, rather than people. One court case that proves this is the 1857 court caseRead MoreThe American Civil War962 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Civil War was one of the most devastating wars in America’s history. The war did not only divide the country, but it also divided families. There were a lot of things that led to the Civil War but, I believe the primary source of the North/South conflict that led to the Civil War was the issue o ver Free states vs. Slave states. The three political acts that helped this source of conflict led to the Civil War was The Missouri Compromise, The Compromise of 1850, and The Kansas-NebraskaRead MoreThe American Civil War1418 Words   |  6 PagesGuns fired, smoke lingering in the air, people dying. The American Civil War had a huge impact on the United States. Two compromises took place before the start of the Civil War. These compromises include the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The Missouri Compromise dealt with the crisis in 1819 over Missouri entering the Union as a slave state. The compromise was â€Å"the first major crisis over slavery, and it shattered a tacit agreement between the two regions that had been in place

Feedback and Control for Everyone

Question: Describe about the Feedback and Control for Everyone? Answer: Introduction Training and feedback are the two important factors that shape the career of an employee. Training enhances the ability of an individual and feedback enhances the employee to work harder for the betterment of the career. However, other than enhancing the performance of the employee, feedback and training also helps an organization to grow as a whole. Feedback from the authorities regarding a certain work done by the employee will motivate the employees to perform better. After recruiting the employees for an organization, the employees could be given some training, which will again help to enhance the performance of the employees. The better the employees will perform the more successful will be the organization where these employees are working. As a result, both the organization and the employees will be benefitted by effective feedback and training. Positive And Negative Feedback Feedback can be classified into two types: Positive feedback As the name suggests, provided an employee performs well, it results in positive feedback that in turn conditions the employee to work harder and perform better in future (Albertos and Mareels, 2010). Negative feedback Provided that an employee fails to perform that the organization has expected the employee to do, the employee will receive a negative feedback. It is upon the employee regarding the perception of the feedback; the employee can take the negative feedback as a challenge and work harder to achieve the goal (Armstrong and Armstrong, 2011). Training Understanding the work Training helps the employees to understand the work more effectively. As it is said, experience is the best teacher. Though every individual is recruited by depending on the individual capacity and knowledge, yet after recruitment training will help the employees to understand the work. Addition to the understanding of the work, training helps the employee to understand the goals of the work, achievements and so on. By understanding the company, the employees will get motivated by knowing the set goals and will work for the betterment of the company (Small Business - Chron.com, 2015). Improvement Other than training of an individual, training of a group, department or team helps in improving g the work quality. Training a group will help the team members to know the needs of the group and the members will also learn to cooperate and work together rather than work individually (Young, n.d.). Career development Employees join an organization not just to work for the organization but to develop the career as a whole. Training will help the employees to understand the path of the career growth, what are the qualities the employees already possess and which are the area that needs improvement. Training will help the employees to learn about the managerial skills, new business ideas that can be implemented in the future during the employees progress in the career (Stewart and Brown, 2014). Training as a message Whenever an organization provides training to the employees, the company sends out a message that they want the employees to grow in the career. Training of the employees shows that the organization values the employees. Along with the organizational growth, the organization thinks about the growth and development of the employees (McNally and Blake, 2010). Comparison Of Literature Findings From Alexander And John Hattie According to the authors, feedback can be classified into three types: Valid feedback As the name suggests, this kind of feedback depends upon the quality of work the employee is delivering or has delivered in the past. It depends upon the validity of work. For example, suppose a teacher starts giving extra stars to the students rather than normal checking the work, the more number of stars will motivate the student to work harder in future, and if the number of stars is not that good, then also the student will try to enhance the work to keep up the pace with the other students. Similar formula applies to an organization, positive feedback will enhance the performance, and negative feedback will help the employee to understand where the work is getting neglected and work harder to fulfill the requirements (Mayer and Alexander, 2011). Unjustified feedback Unjustified feedback is the type of feedback that is given to employee depending upon the personality of the employee. This kind of feedback is surely not justified by the part of the company. By judging the personality of an individual, an organization cannot judge the quality of work the individual will be able to deliver. Until and unless the organization witnesses the performance of the employee, it is not justified to give an unjustified feedback. Unjustified feedback, when teamed up with valid feedback, can be effective. Suppose in the past the employee has not reacted to any of the feedback, and then the organization will have an idea about whether the employee will react to any further feedback or remain unaffected as usual. In this case, unjustified feedback can be justified as the organization has already tried helps the employee, but it is the employee who has not tried to rectify the action (Armstrong and Cummins, 2011). Vague feedback Vague feedback can be slightly confusing for the employees as well as the reader. Vague does neither has any validity nor is it based on any true performance. Vague feedback is given to the employees who are not able to perform well in the organization. Even if the employee is not able to perform, the organization praises the work. It can work in two ways. Either the employee will get motivated and work harder or the employee will become laidback with the work. If the employee is true to the work, the employee will work harder after getting the feedback. Vague feedback can affect the employee negatively as well. The employee may stop working harder as positive feedback has already been received after contributing less amount of work. Contrast Among The Different Literature Findings On one hand, Alexander argues that the effective feedback will alter the behavior of the employees, as a result, will affect the performance of the employees. On the other hand, John Hattie emphasizes that the time when the feedback is given affects the perception of the employees. For example, an employee receives a feedback when that individual is going through a bad phase in personal life, the feedback might affect the mental condition of the individual and the performance may deteriorate rather than getting enhanced. So on one hand, Alexander stresses on behavior and the other hand, John Hattie stresses on time (Hattie, 2012). Regarding the outcome of the feedback, Alexander and John Hatties ideas contrast with each other. Alexander categorizes the outcome as positive, negative and neutral while John Hattie categorizes it as personal visualization. According to Alexander, the outcome of the feedback can be positive, as discussed earlier motivate the employee to work harder, it can be negative, can de-motivate the employee and the level of performance may go down and can result in neutral reaction, which means, neither it will enhance the performance, nor it will degrade the performance (Bruce and Pepitone, 2012). According to John Hattie outcome of feedback, totally depends upon the perception of the employee. Suppose the employee perceives the feedback as an opportunity to go ahead in the career the outcome will be positive and if the employee perceives it as not a factor that will come in the way of growth of career then the outcome will be negative (Latham, 2012). Regarding the effect in a performance of the employee due to the feedback, according to Alexander, it depends upon the firm on how the employees are given the feedback and the employees react accordingly. Provided that, an organization gives a negative feedback in a healthy manner then it will affect the performance in a positive way. Suppose the authority presents the feedback in a harsh way, the employee will get de-motivated but once the same feedback is given in a polite form, it will work differently on the employee. On the other hand, according to John Hattie, the effect in performance depends upon the action plan of the employee after receiving the feedback from the organization. According to him, it is not the organization but the employee who handles the performance. The feedback can be negative or positive; it is how the employee acts after receiving the feedback is the main concern regarding the performance (Fishbach and R. Finkelstein, 2015). Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that both training and feedback affects the performance of the employees. Training most of the time has positive effects on the employees. Training educates the employees to learn more about the company as well about the work, provides the employees with proper vision to march ahead, gives the employees opportunities to enhance the career and so on. On the other hand, feedback can have both negative and positive effects. Feedback can either motivate or de-motivate the employees in work. Positive feedback can affect the employees either by motivating or the employees may get over-confident, and that can lead to a decrease in quality of work. Negative feedback can affect the employee in two different ways, negative feedback either can de-motivate the employees, or the employee can take it as a challenge and work for betterment. References Albertos, P. and Mareels, I. (2010). Feedback and Control for Everyone. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Armstrong, M. and Armstrong, M. (2011). Armstrong's handbook of strategic human resource management. London: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M. and Cummins, A. (2011). The reward management toolkit. London: Kogan Page. Bruce, A. and Pepitone, J. (2012). Motivating employees. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Professional. Fishbach, A. and R. Finkelstein, S. (2015). How Feedback Influences Persistence, Disengagement, and Change in Goal Pursuit. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/ayelet.fishbach/research/Feedback_Frontiers.pdf [Accessed 1 Aug. 2015]. Hattie, J. (2012). Visible learning for teachers. London: Routledge. Latham, G. (2012). Work motivation. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. Mayer, R. and Alexander, P. (2011). Handbook of research on learning and instruction. New York [N.Y.]: Routledge. McNally, J. and Blake, A. (2010). Improving learning in a professional context. London: Routledge. Small Business - Chron.com, (2015). How Does Training Motivate Employees?. [online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/training-motivate-employees-13656.html [Accessed 1 Aug. 2015]. Stewart, G. and Brown, K. (2014). Human resource management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Young, S. (n.d.). A person-situation model of employee engagement.

Unions and Compensation in Major League Baseball

Baseball as a game in the U.S. traces its origins back to the year 1978, when the game had no formal rules and special equipments. Although the game at this time was â€Å"crude† due to lack of rules, proper organization and representation, this never prevented its spreading because of its popularity that was spreading fast among the American citizens. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Unions and Compensation in Major League Baseball specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By late 1860’s there was calls for need to professionalize the game; something that contributed to its development into a national game. Due to many complications that were arising due to the uncontrolled rate at which the game was expanding, there was need for formation of a national body that was to govern the game; hence the formation of the National Association of Baseball players (NABBP). Although not all clubs joined the organizati on, at least those that joined it made it to grow as a national organization that managed baseball activities. With time due to diversification of the game, there has been many major transformations and re-organization of the game, hence its present status as a well-known and respected game. For example, although previously individuals had tried to professionalize the game, there efforts achieved less due to many divisions and wrangles that existed. In many ways, this managerial wrangles and divisions were the main contributors or major building blocks of the currently existing baseball developments. For example, the managerial wrangles led to the formation of the USA Baseball in 1978; an organization mandated with the role of governing the game in the U.S. this organization closely collaborates with the U.S. Olympic committee in trying to improve the quality of the game. It achieves this through promoting of several activities that include major tournaments, minor and major leag ues. Majority of participants in these activities are either high school students or individual who have embraced the game as their professional activity. This organization has led to the success of the game, because it has enabled the team to win a number of medals both in national and international tournaments (History of Baseball, (n.d.), p.1). This paper will discuss concepts of the unionization of professional baseball, impacts of the unionization of the game to players, managers and the game in general. It will further discuss the roles played by the baseball unions as concerns player remuneration and compensation; primarily on factors that determine player compensations.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More History of Professional Baseball Unions Prior to 1871, baseball had no organized professional management bodies, but rather the game followed informal procedures and rule s. In addition, because of the informal organization of the game, there were no special playing equipments and standards, which players and teams were to meet. Although this was the case, it never lasted for long with the formation of the National Association of professional Baseball players in 1871. The government mandated this organization with the overall role of controlling the game, organizing tournaments, and dealing with problems that arose in during the game or among different participants and stakeholders. Although this was a professional body, which in common scenarios is supposed to be well organized and structured, NABBP lacked the required structural organization, something that made it hard for it to control player’s affairs (Baseball Labor History, 1997, Para. 1-2) . This is because many players had no single clubs they could identify themselves with, because they kept on moving from one to another in for search â€Å"greener pastures†. This never las ted for long, because later on in 1876 under the leadership of Hulbert, the National League of Professional Baseball Players came to existence. The primary aim of this organization was to control the unrestrained movements of players across different teams with no formal procedures. In addition, William’s another aim was to ensure that, club managers had major control over these teams and not as the case was previously where players had all the freedom of doing whatever they wished. Many changes came as a result of the formation of this organization, an example being the selection of five best players to join major clubs that managements decided at the termination of each playing period. The managements named this the â€Å"reserve Clause†, something that contributed to the introduction of contractual terms. Contractual terms in many ways came with many limitations on players in that, there freedom was now limited because of denial of transfer rights. In addition, pre viously players could negotiate their payment terms, however with the introduction of this clause, such rights were limited to players, instead the team owner had the rights of deciding the remuneration and benefit amounts. On the other hand, these introduced a new concept of contract renewing, whereby clubs could â€Å"sell’ their players to other clubs in exchange for money although players were unwilling to join such clubs. The whole idea of baseball players’ remuneration underwent many changes as time advanced because the quality of the game was deteriorating; a factor that resulted due to low motivational levels in players because, clubs denied then chances of joining clubs of their choices. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Unions and Compensation in Major League Baseball specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, the introduction of the salary cap by one baseball club proprietor; Goodwill Spalding led to increased wrangles in baseball management. This is because each club player was to receive approximately $2500 annually, an amount that was far below what was appropriate. Many individuals received this with mixed reactions, hence causing the formation of another baseball union called Brotherhood Professional Baseball Players. This organization came into being because majority of individual felt that club owners were overexploiting players hence, misusing their talent. This received a revolt from club owners, because they too felt isolated and despised by simple players whom they could control. This prompted them to react back by imposing some uniform fees on players (Baseball Labor History, 1997, Para. 4). Although this league helped to fight for players’ rights, it never lasted for long because of the opposition that it faced from club owners; primarily Spalding, hence the re-adoption of the previous reserve clause. Many players opposed this clause because it constrained their rights, something that led to the filing of a court case in early 1920’s, which the baseball won. This marked the onset of the many cases that followed due to wrangles between baseball players and club owners; a factor that primarily contributed to the call for reformulation of the baseball antitrust law. This calls yielded little because, the overexploitation continued for some time, hence making players to consider the option of forming a giant baseball organization to defend their rights. In addition, the fact that players had problems with club owners as concerns pension plans also contributed greatly to the call for the formation of a grand organization that was to foresee the articulation of players’ rights. Although most baseball leader’s efforts gained little, the fight to unionize baseball never stopped because as time advanced many other individuals and players came up with initiatives whose main mandate was to fight for baseball players rights. For example, in early 1990’s through collaboration with other baseball stakeholders, baseball players formed the Player’s Protective Association (PPA). This organization’s main mandate was to fight for players’ remuneration rights and enhancement of playing conditions. Later on in 1912, through collaboration with other bodies that fought for other sport players’ rights, baseball players came up with the Fraternity of Professional Baseball Players; an organization that also was to fight for their rights. Little success of these organizations never stopped players from struggling for representation, because in 1946 they formed another body that was to articulate their rights called the American Baseball Guild (Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA), 2010, p.1).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Still up to mid the 19th century these formed organizations had achieved little as concerned the abolishing or restructuring of the reserve clause. It is important to note here that, the major reason why the players wanted to eliminate or change the reserve clause is because, it had tied players to specific clubs hence, denying them transfer rights to clubs they longed to move to. The little achievement by previously formed baseball unions was not a demoralizing factor to players. This is because although the fruits from such organizations were less, in 1965 players re-organized themselves in order to develop proper strategies of putting forward their grief. Their struggle for recognition made then to seek help from external sources; hence the appointing of Marvin Miller as their leader. This marked the onset of a major transformation in terms of baseball unions because the appointment later turned out to be success factor because of his representational skills. Players appointed h im because they believed that Marvin had the power of influencing the government and negotiating with club owners on players’ rights. The concept of miller leading the players association received many oppositions from club owners, whereby their struggles to eliminate him from this leadership position were fruitless. Miller fought to ensure the union had enough funds to manage its affairs. To achieve this, he came up with the concept of a licensing plan that was to ensure that all baseball players were registered and accepted members of a specific representational organization. In addition, he came up with a tutoring and mentoring programs, whose main aim was to ensuring players expressed their grief with solidarity, hence the need to abolish differences that existed amongst them. His efforts gained many fruits for example, in 1968 through his leadership and using his influencing power, the union won a case that led to the formulation and signing of a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is the sports sector. This agreement was one of its kinds in this industry because; it prompted most club managements to increase players’ salary to $10,000 (MLBPA, 2010, Para. 5). His struggle to see respect of players’ rights never stopped here, because in 1970 through negotiations with club owners and other stakeholders, players received arbitration rights, when it came to handling of players’ problems. Granting of arbitration rights marked the onset of many achievements that followed as concerned baseball players’ rights. It is necessary to note here that, Miller’s achievements not only enhanced the respect of baseball players, but rather it had impacts in all sports sectors; hence, the accordance of respect to professional sport. Throughout Miller’s reign much happened in the sports world, in terms of developments and respect of players’ rights. His great achievements included the introduction of licenses in spo rts, improvement of contractual terms, and adoption of correct pension schemes by organizations. In addition, his struggle to increase the unions saw the expansion of the union to international standards, something that unions and individual feel even today. This is because currently, MLBPA is one of the most prominent and powerful sports organizations in not only America, but also globally (Korr, 2003, p.1). The concept of the reserve clause received much opposition and faced many court challenges, whereby finally under arbitration the concept of free agency came into being. This abolished the monopoly enjoyed by many clubs in that, it helped to abolish the continuous tendencies of clubs renewing players’ contracts without their consent. MLBPA has undergone many changes, and has seen many leaders come an go, whereby some of the leaders who have seen the union sail through changing hard times include Ken Moffet (after miller) and Fehr. Other developments after Miller’s achievement include increase in revenue amounts, restricting of the free agent market that made club owners enjoy the monopoly as concerned the signing of new contracts. This in any ways has contributed to compensation of players for their rights abused by club owners, for example in 1990; players received $280 million from club owners. Achievement of these has never been smooth in that, it had to involve unrests and boycotts from players for example the 232-day boycott in 1994 to 1995. This in many ways enhanced negotiation standards and agreements rates, something that was very clear during the 2002 signing of a new sort contract (MLBPA, 2010, p.1). Impacts of the Unionization on Players, owners and the Baseball Game In common practice, the main aim of all players’ organizations is to fight and a ensure team managements and club owners respect all player rights. The case has not been different in MLBPA; owing to the many struggles, it has undergone to achieve its present status, primarily because of the much turmoil, which it had to undergo in the past. For example to achieve its present status, the union had to organize many strikes and work boycotts. In addition, in some instances it had to file court cases, whereby it lost and won some. On the other hand, where the court cases failed, arbitration had to prevail, hence the current achievements of the union. Although the quality of the game has had a major boost, players have benefited most because of the freedom that abolishing of the reserve clause granted them. Currently baseball players have employment rights, a scenario that contrasts to what existed previously where, club owners enjoyed the monopoly of controlling all baseball activities. Under Miller’s leadership, club owners granted players collective bargaining opportunities through agreements signed between the two parties; players and club owners. Such like developments have contributed to the currently earned good salaries by b aseball players, as compared to the past when their salary was little to sustain a good living (Goodman, 2000, p.1). In addition, players have arbitration rights, something that is a major boost to the formalities of solving players’ problems. These rights have achieved a lot for example, in 1989, players benefited from a damage compensation that amounted to $ 38 million. In addition through this arbitration rights, player have received other benefits either in form of salaries or compensations from club owners incase something in cases where problems occur during playing time. Currently players have information access rights, something that the club owners tried to constrain during early times when there existed many contending issues between the two parties. Apart from material gains, the unionization of baseball has created strong baseball teams whose solidarity has brought many achievements, which has contributed to talent exploitation hence the coming up of many stars fo r example, Barry Bonds and Sammy Sosa (MLBPA, 2010, p.1). On the other hand, the unionization has contributed greatly to the increasing bargaining power of players. MLBPA represents all players’ grievances in court and to baseball club owners. Hence, due the nature of the power they posses, they have helped baseball players to express their grievance hence, bettering their negotiating terms. Although the unionization of professional baseball has contributed a lot to players’ well-being, to some extent it has contributed to the downfall of players who never participated in the strike. This is because to the union the young players’ act of not joining others in the strike deviated from the union’s rules hence, the only way of punishing them is by denying them union memberships. This has greatly contributed to talent wastage, because they are not entitled to benefit from any deals by the union (Kendrick, 2010, p.1). To club owners, considering the amount of fines resulting from compensations, management of most baseball teams have little to celebrate for, because these compensations are major sources of looses. Baseball unions from time to time have challenged any management orientation club owners adopt; any time they feel, such changes are violating player’s rights. In many ways, this has made management hard in that, from time to time there are policy changes, something that costs club owners substantial amounts of money. Although the above is the case as concerns managements, at least the same has helped to shape management practices of teams. This is because currently, clubs give players the required respect and recognition, something that was rare previously during the reign of Albert Spalding as a club owner. The game has received a major boost in terms of quality and standards. Previously, the â€Å"reserve clause† and the contractual terms was a major demoralizing factor because, players could not afford to play for their dream teams. With the formation of MLPBA, club managers adopted better managerial policies that saw the change of contractual terms hence, guaranteeing players their individual freedoms. On the other hand, previously there were much segregation in terms of players in specific baseball teams, whereby there existed clear divisions between the whites and black Americans. This led to the formation of the Negro League Baseball Players Association. However, due to unionization such segregations have vanished because of equal representation. This in many ways has contributed to the development of the game to international standards, because every registered player has equal chances of exhibiting their expertise as far as the game is concerned (Negro League Baseball Players Association, 2007, p.1). Factors that Determine Player Compensation Packages in Baseball Currently, professional sport has undergone many transformations in terms of diversification, hence making the entire fi eld a multifaceted field. Depending on one’s competence in terms of playing skills and how much fans like one, one becomes a good marketing tool of clubs they belong. Majority of organizations adopt the incentive plan, for most management considers it the most appropriate mechanism of encouraging performance. The same is not different when it comes to professional sports, because for players to maintain high playing standards, club managements have to adopt the same measures. The overall role of determining the remuneration packages of baseball players rests with the Major League Baseball players Union. The league achieves its mandate by employing the use of collective bargaining agreements. Depending whether a player is in the national league or in the American league, the remuneration packages vary accordingly. In addition, negotiation also forms the foundation of any remuneration package a player receives hence, the importance of unions as main negotiators (Manzano, 2006 , p.1). Any baseball player is entitled to a specific minimum salary. In addition, to the minimum salary, clubs add other performance related monetary benefits; depending on terms of agreements. For a player to have arbitration rights, they have to be in the league for a minimum of three years, whereby contractual renewal terms determine the amount of salary that a player earns. After the third year; when the clubs are renewing contracts, the salary varies depending also on the new contractual terms. Generally, a player’s remuneration package depends on achievements; in terms of game quality and the representing union’s agents during negotiations (Miller, 2000, pp. 87-88). Roles of Unions to Player Compensation The remuneration packages of baseball players in most cases depend primarily on the strength of the negotiator(s). Players on their own cannot afford to negotiate good contractual terms hence, the need for representation by agent provided by unions where they be long. This is the case, because sometimes working conditions may be unfavorable or their may exist many contending issue under consideration. In addition, because majority of players have little knowledge about the nature of benefits they should receive from their clubs, special representation by union agents ensures club managers do not take advantage over them. This ensures club owners award players good remuneration packages through the process of structuring the wage benefits (Milkovich Newman, 2007, pp. 94-97). Although one may argue that, contractual terms are clear hence, no need for one to be represented by a union member, it is necessary for individuals to remember that, contractual term are alterable before one signs a contract. Hence, the use of an agent guarantees improved contractual terms, which translates to better benefits. In addition, unions’ representation can act as a security measure because many changes can occur in terms of skill demand and competiti on (Milkovich Newman, 2007, p. 504). Therefore, to ensure there is job security and assurance of continuous gaining, it is important for players to have representation from a union, it being a corporate and registered body, hence has rights to defend an individual in case something wrong happens in the course of the game. Conclusion In conclusion, baseball unionization has undergone a major transformation process. This is because a comparison between the past and present quality and standards of the game clearly shows that, the game has undergone an evolution. The evolution is in terms of managerial qualities, policy developments, and changes in the general practice of the game. Reference List Baseball labor History. (1997). An old fashioned game with old fashioned traditions. Retrieved from http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CLASS/am483_97/projects/brady/labor.html Goodman, A. (2000). Sports Law History: the role of Marvin Miller. Retrieved from http://www.sportslawnews.com/archive/his tory/MarvinMiller.htm History of Baseball. (n.d.). Baseball. Retrieved from http://www.rpi.edu/~fiscap/history_files/hisproj1.htm Kendrick, S. (2010). 1994-95 effects are felt, at least on video games. About Baseball. Retrieved from http://baseball.about.com/b/2010/02/03/1994-95-strike-effects-are-still-felt-at-least-on-video-games.htm Korr, C. (2003). Baseball union. Dictionary of American History. Retrieved from http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401800383.html Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA). MLBPA information. MLBPA Players. Retrieved from http://mlbplayers.mlb.com/pa/info/ Manzano, C. (2006). The business of baseball: how do players earn such Big salaries. Law Offices of Catalina L. Manzano. Retrieved from http://manzanolaw.com/articles/baseball.html Milkovich, G., Newman, J. (2007). Compensation (9th e.d.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin Publishers. Miller, P. (2000). A theoretical and empirical comparison of free agent and Arbitration-eligible salaries ne gotiated in major league baseball. Southern Economic Journal, 67(1), 87-104. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/pss/1061614 Negro League Baseball Players Association. History of Major Negro Leagues Association. NLPBA. Retrieved from http://www.nlbpa.com/history.html This essay on Unions and Compensation in Major League Baseball was written and submitted by user Elisa K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Effective Strategic Management

Effectiveness is about doing the right things. There is no point in acting efficiently if what you are doing will not have the desired effect. A good strategy will blend both efficiency and effectiveness. Effective strategic management lives in an environment of continuous evaluation of performance, which guides adaptation of the strategy to suit changing circumstances. Effective long-term risk management is a vital part of strategic management. For any business looking for an effective strategic management solution, the options are fairly varied, with a range of solutions that are available. Although strategic management is an emerging management philosophy to support the corporations to change their route according to environmental variations, it is not adequate by itself. It should be supported by a strong information system frame. Success of strategic management has a direct relationship with the managers’ habit of tracing the environment and improvement of emp loyers’ creativity and independent acting abilities. So the information system of a company should be transformed within this direction. To create an effective strategic plan an organization must have a realistic vision that creates a motivating environment. The organization should start by convincing the whole organization of their vision, setting high goals, and creating a system for measuring their progress. In combining these techniques, an organization has a more probable chance of achieving their strategic vision. An organization should set their goals as high as possible without being unrealistic. One factor that must be taken into account is where the company desires to be in the future and how that will benefit the customers, the organization, and the employees.... Free Essays on Effective Strategic Management Free Essays on Effective Strategic Management Effectiveness is about doing the right things. There is no point in acting efficiently if what you are doing will not have the desired effect. A good strategy will blend both efficiency and effectiveness. Effective strategic management lives in an environment of continuous evaluation of performance, which guides adaptation of the strategy to suit changing circumstances. Effective long-term risk management is a vital part of strategic management. For any business looking for an effective strategic management solution, the options are fairly varied, with a range of solutions that are available. Although strategic management is an emerging management philosophy to support the corporations to change their route according to environmental variations, it is not adequate by itself. It should be supported by a strong information system frame. Success of strategic management has a direct relationship with the managers’ habit of tracing the environment and improvement of emp loyers’ creativity and independent acting abilities. So the information system of a company should be transformed within this direction. To create an effective strategic plan an organization must have a realistic vision that creates a motivating environment. The organization should start by convincing the whole organization of their vision, setting high goals, and creating a system for measuring their progress. In combining these techniques, an organization has a more probable chance of achieving their strategic vision. An organization should set their goals as high as possible without being unrealistic. One factor that must be taken into account is where the company desires to be in the future and how that will benefit the customers, the organization, and the employees....

Explain the concept of globalization. Critically discuss the main Essay

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The Roman Colosseum Essay Example for Free

The Roman Colosseum Essay The Roman Colosseum has had a major influence on many buildings and structures through-out our history. Even to this day it is possible to find its architecture in many different forms. One of todays structures which seems to closely resemble it, is the modern football stadia. Like the Roman Colosseum, many are built in a large oval form,  this is mainly the case in Scotland, whilst in England they tend to be rectangular. The oval shaped stadiums also have the advantage of fitting in a slightly larger crowd, due to the curved sections at each end. The seating arrangements in the modern football stadium are similar to the ones in the Roman Colosseum. They were designed to accommodate thousands of spectators. Most stadiums now are mainly all-seaters, which seems to have been adopted from the Colosseum. The modern football stadium also pays attention to the ease of entry and exit, which played a big role in the plan and structure of the colosseum from the beginning. Both of theses structures were also built with fireproof building materials .This was highly important for the safety of both these constructions, as they were constantly dealing with huge crowds of spectators. Like the colosseum, modern football stadiums are also equipped with shelters. There are also many differences between these two structures, mainly because the football stadium is an evolved version of the Roman Colosseum, and therefore uses different construction methods, for example, the football stadium is made out of steel or reinforced concrete with cantilevered roofs, whilst the Colosseum was built using brick and stone with concrete vaults. Some of the main changes in todays stadium seem to be of increasing size and  improving facilities. Most now have shops, bars, restaurants, extensive car parks and various other means to make the spectators visit comfortable. This was not available in the Colosseum. The modern football stadia no longer speak the classical language of architecture, however, they are all large enough to have a major impact on the areas in which they are built, which is a similar architectural gesture to that of the Colosseum.

Blacks Vs. Indians Essay -- essays research papers

Compare and Contrast Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many differences and similarities between the way that the federal government has treated Indians and blacks. Some could say that Blacks and Indians have dealt with two very similar pasts. It seems that Indians have dealt westward expansion and blacks have dealt more with blatant racism. But no matter how you look at both of races were being harassed by white English men everyday of their lives. Being persecuted for no reason at all. The military played a big part in both of the blacks and Indians fate, for good or for worse America had always used force to conquer what they did not understand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the later part of the 19th century Indians were considered savages. American soldiers basically wanted to put genocide on the entire race. Americans saw the Indians as worthless and not advancing in the world. In the beginning Indians inhabited the eastern side of the country that is now USA and when American landed on Plymouth rock they wanted nothing to do with them, they colonized their villages and tried to Americanize them. In 1803 the Americans purchased a huge chunk of land from Napoleon and all of the Indians had to move from the land purchased. In 1851 the Indians signed the Fort Laramie treaty which assigned tribes to it’s own defined territory which was trying to Americanize the Indians. Another example of that was in 1968 when the Indians signed a treaty and gave them...

Cause And Effects Of The Dust Bowl History Essay

Humongous clouds of dust doomed Numberss of people in inkiness. No manner to get away, people were surrounded. Dust was acquiring everyplace: in their oral cavity, eyes, nose doing it difficult to take a breath. It had entered houses through any minor clefts. The dust was even in nutrient people ate and it was impossible to acquire rid of. Peoples were in desperation. â€Å" Now the air current grew strong and difficult and it worked at the rain crust in the maize Fieldss. Small by small the sky was darkened by the commixture dust, and carried off. The air current grew stronger. The rain crust broke and the dust lifted up out of the Fieldss and drove grey plumes into the air like sulky fume. The maize threshed the air current and made a dry, hotfooting sound. The finest dust did non settle back to Earth now, but disappeared into the blackening sky. †¦ The people came out of their houses and smelled the hot stinging air and covered their olfactory organs from it. And the kids ca me out of the houses, but they did non run or shout as they would hold done after a rain. Men stood by their fencings and looked at the destroyed maize, drying fast now, merely a small green demoing through the movie of dust. The work forces were soundless and they did non travel frequently. And the adult females came out of the houses to stand beside their work forces – to experience whether this clip the work forces would interrupt. â€Å" – John Steinbeck, â€Å" The Grapes of Wrath ( 1939 ) † Dust has ruined lives of people, physically and mentally, it had touched the economic system every bit good. Who caused this enormous calamity? People did. Now they had to make what it takes to acquire rid of fatal effects of the dust bowl. The catastrophe was ecological, economical, societal, and cultural. The catastrophe was caused by the combination of environmental and human factors. It lasted 10 old ages. Catastrophe caused people change their agriculture ways, leave their places and suffer. This awful catastrophe lasted ten old ages, and got its name from Associated Press newsman who called it dust bowl on intelligence â€Å" Three small words achingly familiar on the Western husbandman ‘s lingua, regulation life in the dust bowl of the continent – if it rains. † The clime was an of import cause of the dust bowl. The clime of the Great Plain ‘s part is dry and blowy ; air currents reached the velocity of 60mph. Scientists believed that drouth which caused the dust bowl to take topographic point occurred because it happened same clip as La Nina event in the Pacific Ocean. Cold sea surface temperatures reduced the sum of wet come ining the jet watercourse and directed it south to U.S. , were it hit The Great Plains. The lone thing that kept the dirt on topographic point is its flora, which is thick grass that does n't necessitate much H2O. The land of Great Plains had experienced drouth from 1931 to 1937 which turned out to be much worse so it would because of human intervention. In 1800s railwaies were built throughout the United States. In 1862 authorities promised free land to anyone who moved to the prairie for five old ages. Free land was a good ground for a move, while the railwaies aided the migration. They planted harvest and farm ed. Between 1909 and 1932 more so 30 million estates of land were plowed. It seemed like a immense net income for the husbandmans to plough so much land, yet they ignored one minute, that the land those old ages lost its chief protection, the grass. All ploughing they did turned important doing the black snowstorms. In 1920s people came up with new, fast, and effectual ways of acquiring harvests, they had new equipment and the work was much more efficient. Most of husbandmans could n't afford such expensive engineering, so they rented it and worked harder in order to pay for the rent and still acquire some net income. In late 1920s national economic system went into diminution, so this had encouraged husbandmans to work harder. In 1930 husbandmans of Southern Plains planted a batch of wheat, ploughing the land which should non be plowed. The part was n't set for the European- manner agribusiness ; it was called The Great American Desert. The land was abused. Droughts followed and ni l would turn, alternatively the plowed land went dry and titanic air currents have blown this land off making tremendous cloud of pitch black dust covering the skies, harming people, doing populating unsafe and highly hard. In 1931 was the record wheat harvest, which sent the wheat monetary values to the lower limit which asked for more attempt of husbandmans who needed to run into the needed equipment and farm payments. In 1931 the air currents begin to blow making â€Å" black snowstorms † . In 1932 the figure of dust storms increases dramatically to fourteen, following twelvemonth rose up to thirty two. Many Europeans migrated to the fields in twentieth century. Most of them migrated for farming. This led to major addition in farming. Not merely people, but equipment was bettering doing farming even more efficient and of greater graduated table. After WWI the monetary values on merchandises dropped dramatically, promoting husbandmans to work harder. Farmers used rough agriculture methods which led to eroding. For illustration cotton husbandmans left land bare in winter when air currents are at their strongest. Some burned the stubble, or signifier of weeding anterior to seting where the organic foods from dirt are deprived doing land vulnerable to eroding. The native grasses which used to keep the dirt were plowed. This left the land unprotected. In 1930s drouth worsened the economic status. Many husbandmans required authorities ‘s aid. Harmonizing to ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.drought.unl.edu/whatis/dustbowl.htm ) 21 % of rural households in the Great Plains received federal exigency alleviation. Peoples from Southern Plains migrated because life was highly hard at that place. Peoples had nowhere to travel â€Å" And so the dispossessed were drawn west- from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico ; from Nevada and Arkansas, households, folks, dusted out, tractored out. Car-loads, trains, homeless and hungry ; twenty thousand and 50 1000 and a hundred thousand and two hundred 1000s. They streamed over the mountains, hungry and ungratified – restless as emmets, scampering to happen work to make – to raise, to force, to draw, to pick, to cut – anything, any load to bear, for nutrient. The childs are hungry. We got no topographic point to populate. Like emmets scampering for work, for nutrient, and most of all for land. † – John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath, 1939.These people migrated largely to California and were named Oakies. Even though people were non merely from Oklahoma, they were named Oakies due to largest per centum from Oklahoma. They chose California largely because of its mild clime ; its clime provided long turning season and large harvest diverseness, it was a perfect topographic point for husbandmans. California did n't welcome the Oakies because they looked for occupations making employment jobs, sudden growing of workers and less occupation infinites. As Oakies migrated to California, cultural battles between them and people from California occurred, because Oakies were ethnocentric, intending that they thought their culture/ethnicity is anterior to all. This created some long permanent effects like bad stereotypes of Oakies in Californian society. As Oakies took farmland the rewards went highly low which was n't plenty for feeding the households. Many set cantonments at irr igation ditches on farms. These ditch Bankss had hapless healthful conditions and caused some major wellness issues. Farmers were kicked out of occupations because the land was messed up and they could n't turn harvests, households who owned farms became hapless besides, because their money was based on work of husbandmans who got fired. Landowning households migrated because else they were bankrupt. Some say that roots of this catastrophe went manner back from 1914 when the Turkish Navy blockaded the Dardanelles and cut off Russian wheat distribution to the remainder of the universe. Because of the sudden addition of demand Southern Plain husbandmans plowed the land that they had ne'er plowed earlier. From 1932 the rain has stopped go forthing the land unprotected to ramping air currents, which blew the dry dirt off organizing clouds of dust. As the wheat monetary value fell because of deflation after World War I they plowed even more to run into economic demands which made the lan d even more vulnerable. In May another dust storm blew east barricading the Sun in New York. The dust from Southern Plains had even appeared on President Roosevelt ‘s desk! Ref. ( http: //www.humanities-interactive.org/texas/dustbowl/thedustbowl_essay.htm ) Dust reached 500 stat mis out to sea Ref. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief2.htm ) Due to the dust bowl childs saw their parents acquiring broke which affected their, yet unstable psychological science. Childs had to play with anything they fund because parents could n't afford to purchase any plaything. Bigger childs had to assist their parents do different occupations necessary for endurance. It was truly tough to happen nutrient because everything was in dust, husbandmans did n't hold clip to turn cowss, because they were contending the rough conditions. Peoples would travel to Parkss were particular countries for cookery. Peoples could construct a hearth and cook some simple nutrients they could happen, afford. Peoples shared with each other to give others a better opportunity for endurance. Dust Bowl gave birth to many first-class American art which included literature picture taking and music. For illustration Classics Dorothea Lange and Arthur Rothstein bring the image of dust bowl in their Hagiographas, every bit good as John Steinbeck in his â€Å" The Grapes of Wrath † , or Woody Guthrie whose laies, such as â€Å" The Great Dust Storm † gives us the feel of what its like to witness this catastrophe. This is highly of import because it shows that even in such a atrocious thing like Dust Bowl people still found some positive effects. It is really hard to look for positive sides of awful things. It might sound unusual but in a manner Dust Bowl developed American civilization to a small extent. Charles L.Todd and Robert Sonkin made an expedition to migrant cantonments in California to detect more about how was it to populate in those rough conditions, to detect effects of dust bowl. Main point of Todd/Sonkin expedition was to document life in ( FSA ) Farm Security Administration cantonment in California. At some points, people could n't see further than five pess in front of themselves. It has been reported that in the beginning of 1935, the people began to decease because of disease that they called the dust pneumonia. Ref. ( rmpbs.org. ) there were no official decease rates for this period of clip, and that the symptoms of this pneumonia were merely the simple high febrility, thorax hurting, trouble in external respiration, and a cough. The prairie dust was highly all right – smaller than the period at the terminal of this sentence – with high silicon oxide content, which caused a type of silicosis similar to the black lung disease seen in coal mineworkers back east. â€Å" Black at the base and sunburn at the top rose from the Fieldss of eastern Colorado and western Kansas and began to travel south. Inside the cloud darkness was totalaˆÂ ¦ . Peoples in the cloud ‘s way thought the terminal of the universe had comeaˆÂ ¦ † – Ian Frazier, G reat Plains. by December 1935, approximately 850 million dozenss of top dirt has been blown off, approximately 25 % of U.S. population left the U.S.A, and about 2.5 million people moved out of Southern Plains. â€Å" If you would wish to hold your bosom broken, merely come out here † .- Ernie Pyle, newsman. At some point in 1935 the Red Cross has handed out 10000 masks to school which became solidly plunged with soil in about an hr It was n't until 1941 when Plains eventually started to retrieve. The other version is that in 1920 husbandmans got new equipment like ploughs and Listers, this made their work easier and vaster. They plowed more land so it could bear because now it was much easier, plus they needed to make it because of deflation after WWI. The equipment coasted large money which required more work on the Fieldss to run into the seashores. Farmers used disc ploughs instead so Listers, because the work was done faster this manner, but plows caused much more harm to the land doing it vulnerable to weave eroding, dirt wet, depletion, depleted dirt foods, and drouth. The drouth plan which was started by U.S. authorities has been applied to profit people who had witnessed the atrocious catastrophe. It has included four points. Supplying exigency supplies, hard currency, and farm animal provender and conveyance to keep the basic operation of supports and farms/ spreads. Establishing wellness attention installations and supplies to run into exigency medical demands. Establishing government-based markets for farm goods, higher duties, and loan financess for farm market care and concern rehabilitation. 4 ) Supplying the supplies, engineering, and proficient advice necessary to research, implement, and advance appropriate land direction schemes. Even though the plan helped people, it was non plenty, because the catastrophe still lasted and they had to witness it. Peoples got ill ; fell in depression because thought their hereafter was ruined. Yet, most of them did n't free their religion and overcame this atrocious event by doing gags like: † birds fly backwards so sand does n't acquire in their eyes † . Peoples had stamina, wit, and optimism which were the chief traits to maintain them alive and good during this atrocious period. By 1941 most countries antecedently dry had normal rainfall, furthermore, the clime has brought economic roar to the state. In about 1980 people forgot atrocious drouths and stopped paying attending to anti drought plans. They started practising same farming methods that they used to pattern in 1930s which caused some more problem until 1990. Droughts of 1930s and The Great Depression led to relief outgos of 525 billion dollars by the Congress. Now to avoid avoiding farther dirt jobs du ring drouths, which cause such planetary impact on people, Soil Conservation Service is at work in order to maintain away from future catastrophes of such sort. After drought preservation patterns and irrigation increased, farm sizes grew larger, harvest diverseness increased, federal harvest insurance was established, and the regional economic system was diversified. The enormous catastrophe had caused a batch of decease and ruined the peoples ‘ spirit, yet it united people and taught them to remain positive in difficult times, plus it made them look back at their errors and learn at them. Now people learned from this catastrophe to forestall it go oning once more, and they know that any clip something similar happens they would stand at that place together and contend it, like they fought The Dust Bowl. â€Å" United we stand, divided we fall † . Dust Bowl had non merely negative effects which we see right off, but some supreme positive effects when looked at deeper. Everything has a positive side from which people have to larn, even such a atrocious thing as dust bowl. â€Å" The ultimate significance of the dust storms of the 1930s was that America as a whole, non merely the fields, was severely out of balance with its natural environment. Unbounded optimism about the hereafter, careless neglect of nature ‘s bounds and unce rtainnesss, noncritical religion in Providence, devotedness to self-aggrandizement – all these were national every bit good as regional features. â€Å" – Robert Worster, historiographer. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.humanities-interactive.org/texas/dustbowl/thedustbowl_essay.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/depression/dustbowl.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/dustbowl/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tulsaworld.com/opinion/article.aspx? subjectid=65 & A ; articleid=20100418_65_G3_Thedeb869826 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kctribune.com/article/KC_News_Features/Cleon_Rickel/Memories_of_Dust_Bowl_Still_Vivid_after_75_Years/19360 wikipedia.org factorzoid.com rmpbs.org hypertext transfer protocol: //library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312210/Dustbowl.html hypertext transfer protocol: //library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312210/Dustbowl.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief2.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //eh.net/encyclopedia/article/Cunfer.DustBowl